Distributed Periodic Event-Triggered Optimal Control of DC Microgrids Based on Virtual Incremental Cost

Jiangkai Peng; Bo Fan; Zhenghong Tu; Wei Zhang; Wenxin Liu

doi:10.1109/JAS.2022.105452

Volume 9 Issue 4

Apr. 2022

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation > IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica > 2022 > 9(4): 624-634

J. K. Peng, B. Fan, Z. H. Tu, W. Zhang, and W. X. Liu, “Distributed periodic event-triggered optimal control of DC microgrids based on virtual incremental cost,” IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 624–634, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2022.105452

Citation:

J. K. Peng, B. Fan, Z. H. Tu, W. Zhang, and W. X. Liu, “Distributed periodic event-triggered optimal control of DC microgrids based on virtual incremental cost,” IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 624–634, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2022.105452

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Distributed Periodic Event-Triggered Optimal Control of DC Microgrids Based on Virtual Incremental Cost

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2022.105452

Jiangkai Peng^1
,,
Bo Fan^{2
,
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Zhenghong Tu^1
,,
Wei Zhang^1
,,
Wenxin Liu^1
,

1.
Smart Microgrids and Renewable Technology (SMRT) Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA
2.
Department of Energy (AAU Energy), Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark

Funds: This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (N00014-21-1-2175)

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Author Bio:
Jiangkai Peng (Member, IEEE) received the B.Eng. (Hons.) degree in electronics and electrical engineering from the University of Edinburgh, UK, and South China University of Technology, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Lehigh University, USA. His research interests include microgrid, power electronics control system, and power system

Bo Fan (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in automation and the Ph.D. degree in control science and engineering from Zhejiang University in 2014 and 2019, respectively. Since 2020, he has been with the Department of Energy (AAU Energy), Aalborg University, Denmark, where he is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher. His research interests include distributed control, nonlinear systems, smart grid, and renewable energy systems. Dr. Fan was the Recipient of the 2019 Outstanding Reviewer Award of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, the 2019 Best Reviewer Award of IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship in 2021

Zhenghong Tu (Graduate Student Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2015, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 2018. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering with Lehigh University, USA. His research interests include microgrid, controls, power electronics, and deep reinforcement learning

Wei Zhang (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the Harbin Institute of Technology in 2007 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering from New Mexico State University, USA, in 2013. He was an Associate Professor with School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology from 2014 to 2019, and a Postdoctoral Researcher with the University of Central Florida, USA, from 2019 to 2020. He is currently Postdoctoral Researcher with Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Lehigh University, USA. His research interests include distributed control and optimization, microgrids control and optimization, machine learning in power system applications

Wenxin Liu (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in industrial automation and the M.S. degree in control theory and applications from Northeastern University in 1996 and 2000, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Missouri University of Science and Technology (formerly University of Missouri-Rolla), USA, in 2005. From 2005 to 2009, he was an Assistant Scholar Scientist with the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, USA. From 2009 to 2014, he was an Assistant Professor with the Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, USA. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, USA. His research interests include power systems, power electronics, and controls. Dr. Liu is an Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, and the Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, and an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Corresponding author: Bo Fan, e-mail: bof@et.aau.dk
Received Date: 2021-06-21
Revised Date: 2021-09-20
Accepted Date: 2021-11-20

Available Online: 2022-03-03

Abstract

Abstract

This article presents a distributed periodic event-triggered (PET) optimal control scheme to achieve generation cost minimization and average bus voltage regulation in DC microgrids. In order to accommodate the generation constraints of the distributed generators (DGs), a virtual incremental cost is firstly designed, based on which an optimality condition is derived to facilitate the control design. To meet the discrete-time (DT) nature of modern control systems, the optimal controller is directly developed in the DT domain. Afterward, to reduce the communication requirement among the controllers, a distributed event-triggered mechanism is introduced for the DT optimal controller. The event-triggered condition is detected periodically and therefore naturally avoids the Zeno phenomenon. The closed-loop system stability is proved by the Lyapunov synthesis for switched systems. The generation cost minimization and average bus voltage regulation are obtained at the equilibrium point. Finally, switch-level microgrid simulations validate the performance of the proposed optimal controller.
- Bus voltage regulation,
- DC microgrids,
- event-triggered control,
- distributed optimal control,
- generation cost minimization

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References(27)

References

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A distributed periodic event-triggered optimal control scheme for dc microgrids
Achieve generation cost minimization and average bus voltage regulation simultaneously
The discrete-time design is suitable for digital controllers and communication systems
The distributed event-triggered mechanism reduces communication requirements

Distributed Periodic Event-Triggered Optimal Control of DC Microgrids Based on Virtual Incremental Cost

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2022.105452

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